Internal combustion engine



Feb. 28, 1933. E. s. TAYLOR ETAL INTERNAL COIBUSTION- ENGINE Filed Feb. 25, 1931- 2 Shuts-Sheet l INVENTORS Efluard 15F 12 yzai' BY Marks 17 Yyiofi I ATTORNEY.

Feb. 28, 1533. 5 TAYLOR ET 1,899,217

INTERNAL COIBUSTION ENGINE Filed Feb. 25, 1931 zsamu-srmi 2 E .L g. 4-

INVENTOR5 .Edwarfi ziTggZor 6%dI'Z5-F fiykr' w l r ATTORN Patented "Feb. 28, 1933 unirsn STATES PATENT QFFECZE EDWARD S. TAYLOR, F CAMBRIDGE, AND CHARLES IE, TAYLQB, 0h WESTQ Z, M1535.

CHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS T07 CONTINENTAL MOTORS GOBIORATION, GE DETROIT,

MIGHIGAN, A CORPORATION 01' VIRGINIA.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE This invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly relates to engines of the sleeve valve type having side entrance intake and exhaust ports.

An object of this invention is to construct a novel engine structure of minimum weight provided with a built-up cylinder structure having jacket portions through which a cooling medium may be circulated by providing sheet metal jacket portions therefor throng which said cooling medium may be readily circulated.

Another object of this invention is to facilitate the circulation of a cooling medium through spaced jacket portions of a sleeve valve internal combustion engine by providing relatively light weight conducting means for connecting said spaced jacket portions.

A further object of this invention is to provide means for imparting a directional motion to the incoming fuel mixture for promoting more efficient combustion by providin conducting means for connecting space jacket portions containing a cooling medium that are arranged transversely of the manifold chamber in such a way as to deflect said incoming fuel mixture for imparting thereto the desired directional motion.

A further object of this invention is to facilitate the manufacture of a sleeve valve internal combustion engine by providing a builtnp cylinder structure including parts which may be readily manufactured and assembled with a minimum of time and labor. For a more detailed understanding of the invention reference may be had to the accompanying drawings illustrating an embodiment of the invention, and in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a sleeve valve engine constructed in accordance with the invention Figures 2 and 3 are horizontal sectional views taken respectively on the lines 2-2 and 3 3 of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of a modified engine construction taken substan-' tially on the line 4-4 of Figure 5,

Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view thereof taken substantially on the line 5-5 of Figure 4,

Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional View of a modified construction, and

Figure 7 is a detail view of a tubular section illustrating how same may be cut to provide conducting means adapted for employment in an engine as herein shown and described.

The sleeve valve engine shown in the accompanying drawings illustrates an embodiment of the invention, which in general consists of acylinder structure 10 to which a cylinder head 11 may be secured, said cylinder head having a portion 12 depending within the cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide a sleeve pocket for receiving the upper portion of the sleeve valve means 13, operating in said cylinder and as herein shown, the illustrated embodiment of the invention includes a single sleeve valve having a combined reciprocating and oscillating movement wherein any point on the sleeve traces a closed figure, this movement being imparted to said sleeve by any suitable known mechanism. A piston 14 operates within said sleeve valve means and is preferably connected with an engine crankshaft (not shown) by the connecting rod 15.

The engine illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 in elusive shows a two stroke cycle engine'having a cylinder provided with intake and exhaust ports 16 and 17 respectively, said intake ports being preferably vertically spaced with respect to the exhaust ports. Though the upper ports are shown and described as being intake ports, it is obvious that the lower ports may be utilized as intake ports and the upper ports is exhaust ports, if so desired; Said intake ports 16 preferably lie in substantiaily the same horizontal plane extending at right angles to the cylinder axis and the exhaust ports 17 preferably lie in a plane spaced below the plane containing the intake ports, said plane containing the exhaust ports arranged parallel with respect to the plane containing the intake ports.

Between the top of the cylinder and the intake ports, between the intake and exhaust ports, and between the exhaust ports and the bottom of the cylinder,'the engine is provided with separate jacket portions, 18, 19 and 2G respectively, which are adapted for receiving a cooling medium, such as water or other suitable fluid. Preferably these jacket portions are constructed by providing outwardly extending horizontal flange portions, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26, the upper and lower flanges 20 and 26 respectively located adjacent the top and bottom of said cylinder structure. The spaces between flanges 21 and 22, 23, and 24:, and 25 and 26 respectively provide said jacket portions 18, 19, and 20, while the spaces between flanges 22 and 23, and 24 and 25 respectively provide manifold chambers 27, and 28 respectively, one of said chambers adapted as a chamber for receiving the in coming fuel mixture while the other chamber is adapted for receiving or collecting the en haust gases. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, chamber 27 is arranged to receive the incoming fuel mixture while the chamber 28 is adapted to receive the exhaust gases. The jacket portions 18. 19, and 20,

which are located as described above are outwardly open, and are closed by means of sheet metal closure members 30, 31 and 32 respectively, these members being preferably welded to the cylinder structure though obviously they may be otherwise secured thereto if-so desired.

It will be noted the jacket portions 18 and 19 are separated by the chamber 27, while jacket portions 19 and 20 are separated by the chamber 28. The illustrated embodiment of the invention. shows a single cylinder engine which obviously necessitates the employment of an intake manifold 33 and an exhaust manifold 34 of a construction adapted for use with a single cylinder but the particular manifold construction is not an essential part of the invention and in a multi-cylinder engine other types of manifold structure Wlll be preferably employed.

The jacket portions 18, 19. and 20 are preferably arranged to be connected solely by a plurality of separate fluid conducting means, which consist of sections 40 and 41 that extend vertically across the chambers 27 and 28 respectively. The sections 40 are welded or otherwise secured to flanges 22 and 23 and cylinder wall. while the sections 41 are preferably similarly secured to flanges 24 and 25 and the cylinder wall, said flanges 22 and 23 being provided with holes or openings 42 communicating with the interior of said sections 40, while flanges 24 and 25 are provided with holes or openings 43 communicating with the interior of said sections 41. Pref erably these sections are U-shaped, the edges of the sides being welded to the outer face of the cylinder structure (see Figures 1 to 5 inclusive) and are preferably elongated in crosssection or flattened.

These sections are preferably formed from a flattened tubular section 60 (see Figure 7) which is cut longitudinally along the plane designated by the reference character '61 thereby forming a pair of similar sections employed in providing said fluid conducting means. The sections 40 and 41 may be constructed of tubular sections 63 as shown in Figure 6 if so desired.

Another feature of the invention is the arrangement of the fluid conducting sections which are constructed to lie substantially tangential with respect to the cylinder there by imparting a directional motion to the fuel mixture tangentially to the cylinder in order to impart a swirling motion to the fuel mixture in the cylinder, whereby to promote a more efficient combustion.

The principle of my invention may also be incorporated in a four stroke cycle engine as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5. In this construction the cylinder intake and exhaustports 45 and 46 respectively are preferably arranged in the same horizontal plane, and jacket portions 50 and 51 are arranged respectively above and below the respective intake and exhaust chambers 52 and 53, respectively communicating with the cylinder in' take and exhaust ports 45 and 46, separate fluid conducting flattened tubular means 54 being provided to connect said spaced jacket portions, which are preferably otherwise unconnected, though in a multiple cylinder engine fluid conducting means as embodied in this invention may be employed to supplement other fluid connecting means if so desired.

It may be noted that the construction as herein described and illustrated is especially adaptable for use in an aircraft engine wherein weight is an important factor. A minimum of material is employed in the construction of this engine thereby effecting saving in material costs for equalizing the additional labor and tool cost in manufacturing a built up engine structure constructed in accordance with this invention.

The illustrated embodiment of the invention shows a single cylinder. Thus, in an engine employing one or more of such cylinders, a considerable saving may be obtained because the cylinder may be readily machined from a forging by a simple turning operation, the cooling jackets being formed by joining a plurality of sheet metal sections to the cylinder. preferably by welding the same thereto. In the four stroke cycle engine illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 the intake and exhaust chambers may be separated by ribs welded or otherwise secured to the cylinder.

The outer peripheral annular surface of said flanges carried by the cylinder are preferably machined on a taper thereby providing a tapered seat for receiving the manifolds In the two stroke cycle engine illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 inclusive the flanges adjacent the exhaust ports are preferably tapered opposite to the taper of the flanges adjacent the intake ports. Thus, the exhaust and intake manifolds may be clamped together by any suitable means when seated for firmly securing the manifolds to the cylinder structure.- J

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains that various modifications and changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention or from the scope of the appended claims.

What we claim as our invention is: 1 .In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder structure including a cylinder and having vertically spaced jacket portions adapted for containing a cooling medium, and separate conduit sections secured tovsaid cylinder for connecting said spaced jacket portions.

r 2. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type, a cylinder structure including a cylinder having ports and provided with jacket portions located above and below said ports, and separate conduit sections for 3. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type, a cylinder structure includ-- ing a cylinder having ports and provided with jacket portions located above and below said ports, and sheet metal conduit sections for connecting said jacket portions.

4. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type, a cylinder structure includin a cylinder having ports and provided with jacket portions located above and below said ports, and sheet metal conduit sections disposed vertically for connecting said jacket portions and secured to said cylinder.

5. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type, a cylinder structure including a cylinder". having ports and provided with jacket portions located above and below said orts, and separate conduit sections elongated in cross section and secured to said cylinder for connecting said jacket portions.

6. In an internal'combustion engine of the sleeve valve type, a cylinder structure including a cylinder having ports and provided with acket portions located above and below said ports, and flattened sheet metal conduit sections secured to said cylinder for connecting said jacket portions.

7. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type, an engine structure having a cylinder and intake and exhaust chambers, port means connecting the cylinder with said chambers, cooling jacket portions separated by one of said chambers, and sheet metal jr cket connecting means extending transversely of the chamber adapted for conductacylinder and intake and exhaust chambers, port means connecting the cylinder with said chambers, and spaced fluid conductin means extending transversely of the cham r for connecting said jacket portions and adapted ciated therewith, said means each arrangedto lie in a plane extending substantially tangentially to said cylinder.

10. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type a cylinder structure including a plurality of outwardly extending parallel flange portions, sheet metal closure members secured to said flange portions whereby .to provide spaced jacket portions and intermediate manifold chambers, and sheet metal fluid conducting means connecting said spaced jacket portions and extending transversely of said manifold chambers, said jacket portions adapted for containing a cooling medium.

11. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type, a cylinder structure including a plurality of outwardly extending parallel flange portions, sheet metal closure members secured to said flan e portions whereby to provide spaced jac et portions and intermediate manifold chambers, and a plurality of spaced sheet metal fluid conducting means connecting said spaced jacket portions and extendin transversely of said manifold chambers, said jacket portions adapted for containing a cooling medium.

12. In an internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type, a cylinder structure including a plurality of outwardly extending parallel flange portions, closure members secured to said flange portions whereby to provide spaced jacket portions and intermediate manifold chambers, the outer surface of said flanges adjacent said manifold chambers being tapered to provide seats, and manifold structures engaged with said seats.

In testimony whereof we afiix our slgnatures.

EDWARD S. TAYLOR. CHARLES F. TAYLOR. 

